USB Role-Switch driver bring-up is only required for devices that have a Dual Role controller that assumes both Host and Function roles. To bring-up the USB Role-Switch driver, you need to modify the ACPI tables to enable the Microsoft in-box USB role-switch driver. For more information, see the guidance for bringing up the USB Role Switch Driver. These drivers are designed for use with those GPS units that support USB transfer of data to/from the PC - not to include the iQue. This setup also includes the drivers for the USB Data Card Programmer. This setup combines the initial install and updates for both the USB GPS drivers and the USB Data Card Programmer drivers. Universal ADB Drivers. One size fits all Windows Drivers for Android Debug Bridge. Download; Source Code. Model: V580; Designed for VAG vehicles such as VW, Audi, Seat, Skoda with a 16-pin OBDII socket that using; ISO9141-2 or ISO14230-4 (KWP2000) Protocol.
-->An SPB peripheral device driver controls a peripheral device that is connected to a simple peripheral bus (SPB). The hardware registers of this device are available only through the SPB. To read from or write to the device, the driver must send I/O requests to the SPB controller. Only this controller can initiate data transfers to and from the device over the SPB.
Avtoadapter.ru Usb Devices Driver Updater
Starting with Windows 8, Windows provides driver support for peripheral devices on simple peripheral buses (SPBs). SPBs, such as I²C and SPI, are widely used to connect to low-speed sensor devices, such as accelerometers, GPS devices, and battery-level monitors. This overview describes how an SPB peripheral device driver, in cooperation with other system components, controls an SPB-connected peripheral device.
An SPB peripheral device driver can be built to use either the User-Mode Driver Framework (UMDF) or the Kernel-Mode Driver Framework (KMDF). For more information about developing a UMDF driver, see Getting Started with UMDF. For more information about developing a KMDF driver, see Getting Started with Kernel-Mode Driver Framework.
Device Configuration Information
The hardware registers of an SPB-connected peripheral device are not memory-mapped. The device can be accessed only through the SPB controller, which serially transfers data to and from the device over the SPB. To perform I/O operations, the SPB peripheral device driver sends I/O requests to the device, and the SPB controller performs the data transfers that are required to complete these requests. For more information about the I/O requests that can be sent to peripheral devices on SPBs, see Using the SPB I/O Request Interface.
The following diagram shows an example hardware configuration in which an SPB—in this case, an I²C bus—connects two peripheral devices to a System on a Chip (SoC) module. The peripheral devices are external to the SoC module and connect to four pins on the module. The SoC module contains the main processor (not shown), plus an I²C controller and a general-purpose I/O (GPIO) controller. The processor uses the I²C controller to serially transmit data to and from the two peripheral devices. The interrupt request lines from these devices are connected to two GPIO pins that are configured as interrupt inputs. When a device signals an interrupt request, the GPIO controller relays the interrupt to the processor.
Because the GPIO controller and I²C controller in this example are integrated into the SoC module, their hardware registers are memory-mapped and can be directly accessed by the processor. However, the processor can access the hardware registers of the two peripheral devices only indirectly, through the I²C controller.
An SPB is not a Plug and Play (PnP) bus and, therefore, cannot be used to automatically detect and configure new devices that are plugged into the bus. The bus and interrupt connections of an SPB-connected device are frequently permanent. Even if the device can be unplugged from a slot, this slot is typically dedicated to the device. In addition, an SPB does not provide an in-band hardware path for relaying interrupt requests from a peripheral device on the bus to the bus controller. Instead, the hardware path for interrupts is separate from the bus controller.
The vendor for the hardware platform stores the configuration information for an SPB-connected peripheral device in the platform's ACPI firmware. During system startup, the ACPI driver enumerates the devices on the bus for the PnP manager. For each enumerated device, ACPI supplies information about the device's bus and interrupt connections. The PnP manager stores this information in a datastore called the resource hub.
When the device starts up, the PnP manager supplies the device's driver with a set of hardware resources that encapsulate the configuration information that the resource hub stores for the device. These resources include a connection ID and an interrupt number. The connection ID encapsulates bus-connection information, such as the SPB controller, bus address, and bus-clock frequency. Before I/O requests can be sent to the device, the driver must first use the connection ID to open a logical connection to the device. The interrupt number is a Windows interrupt resource to which the driver can connect its interrupt service routine (ISR). The driver can easily be ported from one hardware platform to another because the connection ID and interrupt number are high-level abstractions that hide platform-specific information about the physical bus and interrupt connections.
Software and Hardware Layers
The following block diagram shows the layers of software and hardware that connect a peripheral device on an SPB to an application program that uses the device. The SPB peripheral device driver in this example is a UMDF driver. The peripheral device (at the bottom of the diagram) is a sensor device (for example, an accelerometer). As in the preceding diagram, the peripheral device is connected to an I²C bus and signals interrupt requests through a pin on a GPIO controller.
The three blocks shown in gray are system-supplied modules. Starting with Windows 7, the sensor class extension is available as a sensor-specific extension to the UMDF. Starting with Windows 8, the SPB framework extension (SpbCx) and GPIO framework extension (GpioClx) are available as extensions to KMDF that perform functions that are specific to SPB controllers and to GPIO controllers, respectively.
At the top of the preceding diagram, the application calls the methods in the Sensor API or Location API to communicate with the sensor device. Through these calls, the application can send I/O requests to the device, and receive event notifications from the device. For more information about these APIs, see Introduction to the Sensor and Location Platform in Windows.
When the application calls a method that requires communication with the SPB peripheral device driver, the Sensor API or Location API creates an I/O request and sends it to the SPB peripheral device driver. The sensor class extension module assists the driver in handling these I/O requests. When the driver receives a new I/O request, the driver immediately hands the request to the sensor class extension, which queues the request until the driver is ready to handle it. If an I/O request from the application requires the transfer of data to or from the peripheral device, the SPB peripheral device driver creates an I/O request for this transfer and sends the request to the I²C controller. Such requests are handled jointly by SpbCx and the I²C controller driver.
SpbCx is a system-supplied component that manages the queues of I/O requests for an SPB controller, such as the I²C controller in this example. The I²C controller driver, which is supplied by the hardware vendor for the controller, manages all hardware-specific operations in the I²C controller. For example, the controller driver accesses the memory-mapped hardware registers of the controller to initiate data transfers to and from the peripheral device over the I²C bus.
The peripheral device signals an interrupt request when a hardware event occurs that requires attention from the SPB peripheral device driver or the user-mode application. The interrupt line from the peripheral device is connected to a GPIO pin that is configured to receive interrupt requests. When the device signals an interrupt to the GPIO pin, the GPIO controller signals an interrupt to the processor. In response to this interrupt, the kernel's interrupt trap handler calls GpioClx's ISR. This ISR queries the GPIO controller driver, which then accesses the memory-mapped hardware registers of the GPIO controller to identify the interrupting GPIO pin. To silence the interrupt, the GPIO controller driver either clears (if the interrupt is edge-triggered) or masks (if level-triggered) the interrupt request at the GPIO pin. The interrupt must be silenced to prevent the processor from taking the same interrupt again when the trap handler returns. For a level-triggered interrupt, the ISR in the SPB peripheral device driver must access the hardware registers of the peripheral device to clear the interrupt before the GPIO pin can be unmasked.
Before the kernel's interrupt trap handler returns, it schedules the ISR in the SPB peripheral device driver to run at IRQL = PASSIVE_LEVEL. Starting with Windows 8, a UMDF driver can connect its ISR to an interrupt that the driver receives as an abstract Windows interrupt resource; for more information, see Handling Interrupts. To determine which ISR to call, the operating system looks up the virtual interrupt that is assigned to the interrupting GPIO pin and finds the ISR that is connected to the interrupt. This virtual interrupt is labeled as a secondary interrupt in the preceding diagram. In contrast, the hardware interrupt from the GPIO controller is labeled as a primary interrupt.
Because the ISR in the SPB peripheral device driver runs at passive level, the ISR can use synchronous I/O requests to access the hardware registers in the peripheral device. The ISR can block until these requests complete. The ISR, which runs at a relatively high priority, should return as soon as possible and defer all background processing for an interrupt to a worker routine that runs at a lower priority.
In response to the secondary interrupt, the SPB peripheral device driver posts an event in the sensor class extension, which notifies the user-mode application of the event through the Sensor API or Location API.
Overview of USB Device Is Not Recognized Error
'My Sandisk USB flash drive is not recognized when I plug it into my laptop. Is there any way to fix USB flash drive not detected and restore the data. I have all my school work on it. Please help if you know any solutions.'
Like the user above, many users, including you now, have encountered the issue 'USB flash drive not recognized or detected' when they connect their USB device to a computer. Actually, many factors could trigger this issue, including:
- USB connection issue
- File system errors that make your USB become RAW
- Drive letter issues
- USB driver error
- Hardware damage
Although all the causes can lead to a USB flash drive not being detected by the computer, the USB will show varying status in Disk Management depending on the cause. Thus, to fix a USB flash drive that is not recognized by your computer, you first need to check the device in Disk Management and then repair it according to the reasons.
Check The Causes of USB Flash Drive Not Recognized
Keep your USB flash drive connected and check it in Disk Management.
Step 1. Right-click 'This PC' and choose 'Manage'.
Step 2. Go to 'Disk Management'.
Step 3. Then you will see your USB flash drive in one of the following situations:
- The USB shows as RAW
- The USB shows as unallocated space
- The USB shows without a drive letter
- The USB is not showing up in Disk Management
After identifying the specific situation, you can now apply the corresponding solutions to fix the USB flash drive that is not recognized.
Fixes for USB Flash Drive Not Recognized/Detected
If you're not in one of the scenarios above, you can also apply the tips detailed below to have a try.
Fix 1. Recover Files from RAW USB Drive before Formatting
Applies to: Fix USB becomes RAW.
What Is A Usb Devices
There must be file system errors on your USB flash drive that make your USB device not recognized as RAW. It could be file system missing, corrupted, or not compatible with Windows.
To repair a RAW USB, all you need to do is to recover data from the USB that is not recognized and then convert RAW to NTFS or FAT32 file system by formatting. Formatting will erase the existing data on your USB stick. That's why you need to perform data recovery first.
To retrieve data from an inaccessible device, you can use the professional disk recovery software - EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard. It perfectly supports deleted file recovery, formatted data recovery, RAW partition recovery, and other data loss situations.
To recover data from the RAW USB:
Step 1. Choose the flash drive to scan.
Launch EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard and choose your flash drive where you lost important files. Click 'Scan' to start.
Step 2. Check and preview found flash drive data.
After the scanning is finished, you can quickly locate a specific type of file by using the Filter feature as well as the Search.
- Filter: A quick way to your wanted files.
- Search: e.g. File name/file extension.
Step 3. Restore flash drive data.
After checking and finding lost flash drive files, select them and click Recover to restore. You shall save the found files to a safe location on your PC rather than to your flash drive.
After retrieving all the files, you can now format the USB flash drive and assign a new file system to the device, which will make it usable again.
Fix 2. Update Unallocated USB Driver and Create New Partition
Applies to: Fix USB shows as unallocated space.
If your USB is not recognized by the computer and becomes unallocated space, it probably results from outdated USB driver. Thus, you should try to reinstall the USB device driver.
Step 1. Connect the USB flash drive to the PC
Step 2. Navigate to 'Control Panel' > 'System' > ‘’Device Manager' > 'Disk drivers'.
Step 3. Find and select your USB device, right-click and first choose 'Uninstall' and then choose 'Scan for hardware changes' to refresh the drivers.
Step 4. Restart your computer.
After all the operations, you may find USB not recognized issue is fixed and the flash drive is detected. If reinstalling the USB driver doesn't help, you can recover data from the unallocated space with EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard introduced above and then create a new volume to make it ready for data storage. (The unallocated space will show up as 'lost partition' in EaseUS data recovery software. Choose the right partition to scan and then recover your data.)
To create a new volume on unallocated space:
Step 1. Go to 'This PC', right-click it and choose 'Manage' > 'Disk Management'.
Step 2. Right-click the unallocated space and choose 'New Simple Volume'.
Step 3. Follow the wizard to finish the remaining process.
Fix 3. Change USB Driver Letter to Make It Detectable
Applies to fix: USB shows without driver letter.
Another reason for USB flash drive not detected issue is that the drive letter assigned to the USB drive is occupied by another drive on the computer (or the drive letter on the USB is missing). To solve this problem, you just need to try EaseUS free partition software to assign an unused drive letter to the USB flash drive. It will help you fix the 'USB flash drive not recognized' issue and recover all the inaccessible data with ease.
Avtoadapter.ru Usb Devices Drivers
You can also assign a drive letter to your USB in Disk Management.
Step 1. Keep your USB connected. Right-click 'This PC' and choose 'Manage' > 'Disk Management'.
Step 2. Right-click the volume on your USB flash drive and select 'Change Drive Letter and Paths'.
Step 3. In the new window, click 'Change'.
Step 4. Assign a new drive letter to your USB and click 'OK'.
Fix 4. Check USB Port and Change Connection to Make USB Recognized
Applies to: Fix USB isn't showing up in Disk Management
If your USB flash drive is not detected by Disk Management at all, it's likely that:
- The USB is not connected properly
- There are driver issues
- Your USB device is physically damaged
Therefore, you can first connect your USB connection including:
- Change the USB port/cable
- Connect your external hard drive or other storage devices to another computer and check whether the problem remains
- Connect your USB drives to the rear port which provides a more stable power supply compared to the front ones
Then reinstall drivers (detailed above). If these tips don't help, you should consider sending the USB flash drive for repair.
The Bottom Line
When a USB flash drive is not recognized by the computer, there are varying causes. Once you can find the reason, you can easily make the decision on how to fix it. Besides, this issue also reminds you of the importance of growing a good habit of using your USB stick, like ejecting the device before disconnecting it and backing the device up regularly. I hope one of the solutions above could help to fix your USB flash drive that is not recognized or detected.
FAQs About USB Flash Drive Not Recognized or Detected
Besides fixing USB flash drive is not recognized error and bring lost files back, some users may also want to know the causes of USB flash drive not showing up, and how to repair the USB drive, etc.
If you are interested in these questions, follow on and you will find a satisfying answer below:
1. Why is my USB flash drive not showing up?
If a driver is missing, outdated, or corrupted, your computer won't be able to load your USB drive. USB driver issue, drive letter conflicts, and file system errors, etc. may all cause your USB flash drive not showing up on Windows PC.
You can update USB driver, reinstall the disk driver, recover USB data, change USB drive letter, and format USB to reset its file system. For a detailed guide, you can refer to USB Not Showing Up in Windows 10/8/7 for help.
2. How can I repair my USB flash drive?
USB flash drives can become corrupt or damaged for a variety of reasons. Luckily you can fix your USB for free.
Windows chkdsk and Windows disk error checking are able to repair errors on your disk from the command line. Afterward, with EaseUS data recovery software, you can get your data back from a failed pen drive without losing files.
For a detailed guide, you may refer to USB Flash Drive Repair Tool for help.
3. How can I recover my USB flash drive that is not recognized?
As recommended on this page, when your USB flash drive, pen drive or external hard drive becomes unrecognized, you can get rid of this issue with the following steps:
Step 1. Check USB status in Disk Management:
- The USB shows as RAW
- The USB shows as unallocated space
- The USB shows without a drive letter
- The USB is not showing up in Disk Management
Step 2. Fix related error on the USB drive and make it recognized:
- 1. Recover files and format RAW USB.
- 2. Update unallocated USB drivers and create a new volume.
- 3. Change the USB drive letter.
- 4. Check USB port, change USB connection
- 5. If none of the above fixes work, take USB to a local device repair center for manual repair.
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